Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) version 3.1 emissions in 1E9 g BC per year, contributions (below All sources) as percentage All sources Year Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Mean BONA 21 132 41 16 5 80 70 163 77 58 47 57 51 105 61 66 TENA 2 9 12 13 7 12 10 5 7 12 22 14 9 6 17 10 CEAM 15 67 15 30 9 14 31 9 30 22 16 16 20 8 34 22 NHSA 21 56 14 19 17 9 59 26 13 11 26 13 13 8 10 21 SHSA 217 438 317 146 149 249 234 362 512 269 632 214 100 754 168 317 EURO 4 7 3 9 5 2 6 3 6 5 7 2 2 2 2 4 MIDE 1 2 2 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 1 3 2 2 2 NHAF 590 591 515 538 429 481 509 406 534 445 441 445 363 371 394 470 SHAF 533 702 551 529 528 494 611 593 638 562 546 593 560 629 576 576 BOAS 46 380 97 161 119 221 382 19 55 111 52 189 76 95 104 141 CEAS 61 33 19 39 35 51 47 26 28 37 37 43 33 30 11 35 SEAS 72 210 178 61 44 99 75 184 96 92 183 69 118 267 110 124 EQAS 1134 203 37 23 75 306 78 118 136 395 24 28 106 2 39 180 AUST 119 111 180 144 184 153 133 152 88 149 121 77 135 48 163 130 Globe 2836 2940 1980 1731 1609 2174 2246 2068 2221 2170 2157 1764 1589 2326 1692 2100 Grassland and open savanna fires BONA 16 13 10 17 4 3 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 4 TENA 39 10 15 16 15 9 8 8 27 18 7 8 19 14 22 14 CEAM 11 6 11 9 22 11 7 15 7 7 12 14 10 13 9 9 NHSA 38 23 73 64 62 67 27 64 66 67 47 64 66 41 79 47 SHSA 31 40 38 40 44 30 24 16 14 13 16 18 21 14 20 23 EURO 16 14 27 13 9 8 10 7 3 2 7 6 11 4 8 10 MIDE 36 47 36 38 17 25 34 29 27 27 22 28 33 41 31 31 NHAF 55 62 64 61 66 68 63 71 67 64 67 68 72 68 71 65 SHAF 39 45 44 47 49 53 50 51 48 51 52 50 51 53 57 49 BOAS 17 19 9 9 7 3 7 5 7 6 9 4 8 8 5 9 CEAS 33 38 23 32 23 43 27 39 40 37 35 20 20 34 44 32 SEAS 10 6 9 13 15 15 16 12 10 12 10 17 8 7 16 10 EQAS 1 1 3 4 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 7 2 1 AUST 77 85 89 87 85 78 59 89 80 73 86 88 74 88 89 82 Globe 27 37 46 47 50 39 37 41 38 35 39 42 44 33 49 39 Woodland fires BONA 3 4 4 2 5 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 TENA 21 38 23 30 28 12 22 36 24 21 22 19 26 23 22 24 CEAM 9 8 17 8 22 13 9 19 20 12 10 10 10 21 23 13 NHSA 3 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 0 2 SHSA 6 5 9 4 10 14 7 9 7 9 12 11 10 9 11 9 EURO 34 43 30 36 26 39 41 47 45 34 47 26 46 52 38 39 MIDE 14 9 15 27 12 10 9 18 14 17 26 17 7 13 15 15 NHAF 26 21 18 21 18 14 21 13 16 17 16 16 11 15 11 17 SHAF 42 38 37 35 35 31 32 31 34 31 31 32 31 29 25 33 BOAS 9 3 7 3 3 5 6 13 6 4 13 10 6 4 5 5 CEAS 9 10 12 8 16 11 9 13 13 11 12 16 12 14 13 12 SEAS 8 4 4 5 9 5 7 4 4 5 3 5 2 1 3 4 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 AUST 8 5 6 5 5 4 7 5 7 6 3 4 10 5 5 6 Globe 15 15 18 19 19 13 16 14 16 14 16 18 16 14 14 16 Deforestation and degradation fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 1 0 3 0 1 4 2 4 2 1 3 1 0 1 CEAM 56 61 36 57 21 48 59 30 43 54 53 50 58 31 29 50 NHSA 44 68 18 25 27 20 62 30 21 20 43 23 22 47 15 42 SHSA 49 42 36 41 35 45 58 63 71 69 63 58 56 71 59 58 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 10 10 10 11 9 11 10 9 10 12 10 10 9 11 11 10 SHAF 5 5 5 6 5 5 7 6 7 6 6 7 7 7 6 6 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 4 4 19 6 1 2 5 13 10 6 10 12 15 13 3 8 SEAS 66 73 68 64 50 59 57 69 65 69 74 58 77 80 68 69 EQAS 30 54 55 75 40 42 51 50 59 42 60 74 44 78 33 40 AUST 4 1 1 2 2 3 2 1 7 1 1 2 5 0 2 2 Globe 21 21 18 13 11 18 17 24 28 24 30 16 18 36 17 21 Forest fires (excluding deforestation and degradation) BONA 80 83 86 80 89 95 96 98 96 96 96 96 97 97 97 94 TENA 32 43 52 45 41 74 60 37 33 49 64 66 37 33 49 52 CEAM 15 17 27 18 22 18 15 14 22 18 14 16 11 22 34 19 NHSA 11 7 7 8 8 9 9 5 9 9 8 9 8 8 5 8 SHSA 10 9 13 10 6 9 9 10 7 7 7 10 10 5 7 8 EURO 39 29 17 24 11 26 32 15 44 47 18 9 15 26 19 26 MIDE 2 2 4 7 1 2 3 2 4 7 9 6 1 3 5 4 NHAF 7 6 6 6 5 5 5 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 SHAF 12 11 12 11 10 10 10 11 10 11 10 10 11 10 11 11 BOAS 60 75 78 84 85 89 83 71 82 85 66 78 79 85 85 81 CEAS 34 23 18 29 5 15 43 6 6 19 12 13 22 14 15 20 SEAS 11 11 14 10 8 9 10 8 8 7 7 8 6 7 7 9 EQAS 5 6 7 7 4 3 4 5 3 3 7 5 5 9 3 4 AUST 11 8 4 6 8 15 32 4 6 19 10 5 12 6 3 10 Globe 10 21 15 17 14 20 26 16 13 15 12 19 15 14 16 16 Agricultural waste burning BONA 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 8 8 9 10 13 5 8 15 14 8 5 6 15 29 7 9 CEAM 8 8 10 8 13 10 10 22 8 9 12 10 12 13 6 9 NHSA 3 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 SHSA 4 4 5 5 5 3 2 2 1 2 2 3 4 1 2 2 EURO 10 14 26 26 54 28 17 31 7 17 28 59 27 19 35 25 MIDE 49 43 44 28 70 63 55 51 55 49 44 49 59 42 48 51 NHAF 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 SHAF 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 BOAS 14 3 6 3 5 3 5 10 6 5 12 8 7 3 5 5 CEAS 20 24 28 26 54 28 17 28 31 26 30 39 30 24 25 28 SEAS 6 7 4 7 18 12 11 8 13 8 6 13 7 4 6 7 EQAS 2 3 4 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Globe 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 2 2 2 3 4 3 2 2 3 Peat fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EQAS 62 35 31 10 53 53 43 42 37 54 28 17 48 4 60 53 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Globe 25 2 1 0 2 7 1 2 2 10 0 0 3 0 1 5 Deforestation + degradation + peat fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 1 0 3 0 1 4 2 4 2 1 3 1 0 1 CEAM 56 61 36 57 21 48 59 30 43 54 53 50 58 31 29 50 NHSA 44 68 18 25 27 20 62 30 21 20 43 23 22 47 15 42 SHSA 49 42 36 41 35 45 58 63 71 69 63 58 56 71 59 58 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 10 10 10 11 9 11 10 9 10 12 10 10 9 11 11 10 SHAF 5 5 5 6 5 5 7 6 7 6 6 7 7 7 6 6 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 4 4 19 6 1 2 5 13 10 6 10 12 15 13 3 8 SEAS 66 73 68 64 50 59 57 69 65 69 74 58 77 80 68 69 EQAS 92 90 86 85 93 94 94 93 95 96 87 91 92 82 93 93 AUST 4 1 1 2 2 3 2 1 7 1 1 2 5 0 2 2 Globe 46 24 18 14 14 25 18 27 31 34 30 17 22 36 18 26