Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) version 3.1 emissions in 1E7 g C2H5OH per year, contributions (below All sources) as percentage All sources Year Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Mean BONA 62 385 121 47 16 241 210 493 232 175 142 173 155 317 185 197 TENA 5 25 33 37 19 34 29 14 19 35 65 41 24 18 47 30 CEAM 43 192 44 86 26 41 90 25 85 64 45 44 58 23 97 64 NHSA 57 156 34 47 42 22 161 65 31 26 68 33 32 21 23 55 SHSA 585 1147 836 384 383 662 640 1005 1440 756 1755 595 275 2109 464 869 EURO 12 18 9 27 17 6 17 8 17 14 21 7 7 7 7 13 MIDE 4 6 5 4 8 6 5 5 5 6 8 3 8 7 6 6 NHAF 1438 1415 1232 1295 1018 1142 1215 957 1267 1063 1047 1053 854 880 930 1120 SHAF 1336 1740 1367 1307 1296 1203 1496 1451 1571 1377 1332 1459 1370 1533 1395 1416 BOAS 135 1093 286 478 355 664 1136 56 163 333 153 568 225 281 312 416 CEAS 171 91 54 112 107 139 133 72 77 103 104 127 97 81 30 100 SEAS 201 610 502 170 125 281 209 522 275 260 519 195 341 762 305 352 EQAS 2519 517 95 66 174 716 190 290 344 918 63 77 254 6 86 421 AUST 275 252 403 326 419 359 330 341 203 354 275 174 316 108 365 300 Globe 6843 7648 5023 4387 4005 5518 5861 5304 5729 5484 5596 4550 4015 6152 4254 5358 Grassland and open savanna fires BONA 12 10 7 13 3 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 TENA 32 8 11 12 11 7 6 6 21 14 5 6 15 10 17 10 CEAM 9 5 8 6 17 8 5 11 5 5 9 10 7 10 7 7 NHSA 31 18 66 57 55 60 22 56 60 60 39 57 59 34 74 40 SHSA 25 33 31 33 37 24 19 13 11 10 13 14 16 11 16 18 EURO 13 11 21 10 6 6 7 5 3 2 5 4 8 3 6 7 MIDE 27 36 27 30 12 18 25 21 19 20 16 21 24 32 23 23 NHAF 49 57 58 55 60 62 57 66 61 58 62 62 66 62 65 59 SHAF 34 40 39 41 43 47 44 46 42 45 46 44 45 48 51 44 BOAS 13 14 7 7 5 2 5 4 5 4 7 3 6 6 4 7 CEAS 25 30 17 24 16 34 20 31 32 29 28 15 15 27 36 25 SEAS 7 4 7 10 12 12 12 9 8 9 7 13 6 5 12 8 EQAS 1 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 5 2 1 AUST 73 82 86 83 81 72 51 87 76 67 83 85 69 84 87 77 Globe 24 31 39 40 44 33 31 35 32 30 33 36 38 27 42 33 Woodland fires BONA 3 3 4 2 5 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 TENA 20 35 21 27 26 11 20 33 23 20 20 17 24 20 21 22 CEAM 8 7 16 8 21 12 8 17 18 11 9 10 9 20 21 12 NHSA 3 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 3 3 2 2 3 2 0 2 SHSA 6 5 9 4 11 13 7 8 6 8 11 11 10 8 11 8 EURO 32 41 28 33 22 34 37 41 41 30 42 21 42 47 33 35 MIDE 12 8 14 26 10 9 8 16 12 15 23 15 6 12 14 13 NHAF 28 22 20 23 20 15 23 14 18 19 18 17 13 16 12 19 SHAF 44 40 40 37 37 33 35 34 36 34 34 35 33 31 28 35 BOAS 8 3 6 3 3 4 5 12 5 4 11 8 5 4 5 5 CEAS 9 10 11 7 13 10 8 13 12 11 12 15 11 14 13 11 SEAS 7 3 4 5 8 5 6 3 4 4 3 4 2 1 3 4 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 AUST 9 6 7 6 6 5 7 6 8 7 3 5 11 6 6 6 Globe 16 16 19 20 20 14 16 15 17 15 16 19 16 14 15 16 Deforestation and degradation fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 1 0 3 0 1 3 2 4 2 0 3 1 0 1 CEAM 56 61 35 57 20 48 59 30 43 54 53 50 57 31 29 49 NHSA 49 72 22 30 31 24 66 35 24 24 48 27 27 53 19 48 SHSA 53 46 40 45 38 49 61 66 74 71 66 61 58 73 63 61 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 12 11 12 13 10 13 12 10 12 13 11 12 11 13 14 12 SHAF 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 6 7 6 7 8 8 8 7 7 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 4 4 18 6 1 2 5 13 10 6 10 11 14 13 3 7 SEAS 66 73 69 64 49 59 57 70 65 70 74 57 77 80 69 70 EQAS 40 63 63 78 51 53 61 61 69 54 67 80 55 80 44 51 AUST 5 1 1 2 3 3 2 1 8 1 1 3 5 0 3 3 Globe 26 23 20 15 13 20 18 27 32 27 33 18 21 40 19 24 Forest fires (excluding deforestation and degradation) BONA 84 87 89 84 90 96 96 98 97 97 97 97 98 97 98 95 TENA 37 46 56 48 44 77 63 39 36 53 67 69 39 33 53 55 CEAM 16 18 29 19 24 19 16 15 23 19 14 17 11 24 36 20 NHSA 13 8 8 9 10 12 10 7 11 11 9 11 10 9 6 9 SHSA 11 11 15 12 8 10 10 11 8 8 8 11 11 6 8 9 EURO 43 32 19 25 11 26 34 16 47 48 19 8 16 27 20 27 MIDE 2 2 5 8 1 2 3 2 4 7 9 7 1 3 5 4 NHAF 9 7 7 7 6 7 6 7 6 7 6 6 7 6 7 7 SHAF 15 13 14 14 13 13 12 13 13 14 12 12 13 13 13 13 BOAS 63 80 80 87 86 90 84 72 83 86 67 79 81 87 86 83 CEAS 37 25 19 31 5 17 46 7 7 21 14 14 23 15 16 22 SEAS 12 12 15 11 9 9 11 9 8 7 8 9 6 8 8 9 EQAS 6 8 8 8 5 4 5 6 4 3 8 6 6 10 4 6 AUST 14 11 6 8 10 20 39 5 8 25 13 7 15 8 4 13 Globe 12 25 18 21 17 24 30 19 15 18 14 22 18 17 20 19 Agricultural waste burning BONA 1 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 11 10 12 12 16 6 10 19 18 10 6 8 19 35 9 12 CEAM 10 10 12 10 17 12 12 27 10 11 15 13 15 16 8 12 NHSA 4 1 2 2 2 3 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 SHSA 5 6 6 6 7 3 3 2 1 2 2 3 5 1 3 3 EURO 13 17 33 32 61 34 21 38 9 20 34 66 34 23 41 30 MIDE 59 54 54 36 78 72 65 61 65 58 52 58 69 53 58 60 NHAF 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 SHAF 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 BOAS 16 3 7 4 5 3 5 12 7 6 15 9 8 3 6 6 CEAS 25 31 35 32 63 36 21 36 39 33 38 46 37 31 32 35 SEAS 7 8 5 9 22 15 14 9 15 10 8 17 9 6 8 9 EQAS 4 4 5 4 3 2 2 2 1 2 4 2 3 2 3 3 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 Globe 4 4 4 4 6 4 4 3 3 3 4 5 4 3 3 4 Peat fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EQAS 49 24 21 6 40 39 31 30 25 41 18 11 36 2 47 40 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Globe 18 2 0 0 2 5 1 2 2 7 0 0 2 0 1 3 Deforestation + degradation + peat fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 1 0 3 0 1 3 2 4 2 0 3 1 0 1 CEAM 56 61 35 57 20 48 59 30 43 54 53 50 57 31 29 49 NHSA 49 72 22 30 31 24 66 35 24 24 48 27 27 53 19 48 SHSA 53 46 40 45 38 49 61 66 74 71 66 61 58 73 63 61 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 12 11 12 13 10 13 12 10 12 13 11 12 11 13 14 12 SHAF 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 6 7 6 7 8 8 8 7 7 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 4 4 18 6 1 2 5 13 10 6 10 11 14 13 3 7 SEAS 66 73 69 64 49 59 57 70 65 70 74 57 77 80 69 70 EQAS 89 88 84 85 91 92 92 91 95 94 86 91 90 82 91 91 AUST 5 1 1 2 3 3 2 1 8 1 1 3 5 0 3 3 Globe 44 25 20 15 14 25 19 29 33 34 34 18 23 40 20 27