Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) version 3.1 emissions in 1E12 g C per year, contributions (below All sources) as percentage All sources Year Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Mean BONA 19 116 36 14 5 69 60 139 66 50 40 49 44 90 52 57 TENA 2 8 10 12 6 10 9 4 6 11 20 13 8 6 16 9 CEAM 14 60 14 27 9 13 28 8 27 20 14 14 19 7 31 20 NHSA 20 51 14 19 17 9 53 26 13 11 25 13 13 7 10 20 SHSA 201 414 299 137 143 232 215 328 460 242 573 195 92 679 153 291 EURO 4 6 3 9 5 2 5 3 5 4 7 2 2 2 2 4 MIDE 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 2 2 2 NHAF 579 584 510 531 427 478 505 406 531 441 440 444 363 369 392 467 SHAF 514 682 534 514 515 483 597 580 622 549 534 578 547 615 567 562 BOAS 42 338 85 141 103 191 333 16 48 96 46 165 66 83 91 123 CEAS 57 31 18 37 33 49 43 25 27 35 35 40 31 28 11 33 SEAS 65 186 160 56 40 91 69 166 87 83 165 64 106 239 101 112 EQAS 1069 184 33 21 70 285 71 109 123 368 21 25 98 2 36 168 AUST 119 113 183 147 187 153 128 156 89 148 122 79 134 48 166 131 Globe 2705 2775 1903 1665 1562 2067 2119 1967 2105 2060 2045 1681 1525 2178 1629 1999 Grassland and open savanna fires BONA 19 15 12 20 5 4 3 1 3 3 2 2 1 2 1 5 TENA 42 12 17 18 17 11 10 9 30 20 8 9 22 16 25 16 CEAM 13 7 12 10 24 12 8 17 8 8 13 15 11 15 10 10 NHSA 42 27 76 68 66 70 31 68 70 70 51 68 69 45 82 52 SHSA 34 43 41 44 47 33 27 19 17 15 18 21 23 16 23 26 EURO 18 15 30 15 10 9 11 8 4 3 8 7 13 4 9 11 MIDE 39 50 39 41 19 27 36 32 29 29 24 31 36 44 34 34 NHAF 58 65 67 64 69 71 66 74 69 66 70 71 74 70 73 68 SHAF 42 48 47 50 52 56 53 54 51 54 55 53 54 56 60 52 BOAS 19 22 11 11 8 4 8 6 8 7 11 5 9 10 6 10 CEAS 36 42 26 35 25 47 30 42 43 41 38 22 23 37 48 35 SEAS 11 7 11 15 17 17 18 13 12 14 11 19 9 8 18 12 EQAS 1 1 3 5 2 1 2 1 1 1 3 2 1 8 2 1 AUST 80 87 90 88 87 80 63 91 82 76 88 89 77 89 91 84 Globe 29 41 49 51 53 42 41 44 42 38 42 46 48 37 53 43 Woodland fires BONA 3 4 5 3 6 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 TENA 20 39 24 30 29 13 24 37 24 22 23 20 26 24 22 24 CEAM 9 8 17 9 23 13 10 19 21 13 10 11 10 22 24 13 NHSA 3 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 0 2 SHSA 6 5 9 4 10 14 7 9 7 9 12 12 10 9 11 9 EURO 35 44 30 37 26 39 42 47 47 36 48 26 47 53 38 40 MIDE 13 8 15 26 12 10 9 18 14 17 25 17 6 13 15 14 NHAF 25 19 17 20 17 13 19 12 15 17 15 15 11 14 10 16 SHAF 41 36 36 34 34 30 31 30 33 30 30 31 29 27 24 32 BOAS 10 3 8 3 4 5 6 14 6 5 14 10 7 4 6 6 CEAS 9 10 12 8 16 11 9 13 12 11 12 16 12 14 13 12 SEAS 8 4 4 6 9 5 7 4 4 5 3 5 2 1 3 4 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 AUST 7 5 5 5 5 4 7 5 6 6 2 4 9 5 5 5 Globe 14 15 18 19 18 13 16 14 16 14 16 18 16 14 14 16 Deforestation and degradation fires (only fires, no decomposition) BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 1 0 4 1 1 4 2 5 2 1 3 1 0 2 CEAM 55 61 35 56 20 47 58 29 42 53 51 48 57 30 28 49 NHSA 41 65 16 23 24 18 59 26 19 18 39 21 20 44 13 38 SHSA 46 39 34 38 32 43 55 61 69 67 61 56 53 68 57 55 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 10 9 9 10 8 10 9 8 9 11 9 9 9 10 10 9 SHAF 5 5 5 6 5 5 7 5 7 5 6 7 7 7 6 6 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 4 4 19 6 1 2 5 13 10 6 10 12 15 13 3 8 SEAS 65 72 67 63 48 57 56 67 64 68 72 56 75 79 66 68 EQAS 27 52 52 73 37 39 47 47 56 39 57 72 41 76 30 37 AUST 4 1 1 1 2 3 2 1 6 1 1 2 4 0 2 2 Globe 20 20 17 12 10 17 16 22 26 22 28 15 17 34 15 20 Forest fires (excluding deforestation and degradation) BONA 77 81 84 77 87 95 95 97 96 95 96 96 97 96 97 93 TENA 29 40 49 42 38 71 57 35 30 46 62 63 34 30 45 49 CEAM 14 16 25 18 20 17 14 13 21 17 13 15 10 21 32 18 NHSA 10 7 6 7 7 8 8 5 8 8 7 8 7 7 4 7 SHSA 9 8 11 9 6 8 8 10 7 7 7 9 9 5 7 8 EURO 37 27 15 22 10 24 30 14 42 44 17 8 14 24 18 24 MIDE 1 1 4 6 1 1 2 2 4 6 8 6 1 3 4 3 NHAF 6 5 5 5 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 4 5 4 5 5 SHAF 11 9 10 10 9 9 8 9 9 10 8 9 9 9 9 9 BOAS 57 72 76 82 83 88 81 69 80 83 63 76 77 83 83 79 CEAS 31 20 16 26 5 13 39 5 6 17 11 12 20 12 13 18 SEAS 11 11 13 10 8 8 9 8 8 6 7 8 6 7 7 8 EQAS 4 6 7 7 3 3 3 4 3 2 7 5 4 9 3 4 AUST 9 7 3 5 6 13 28 3 5 17 8 4 10 5 2 8 Globe 9 19 13 15 12 18 23 14 11 13 11 17 13 13 15 14 Agricultural waste burning BONA 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 8 8 9 10 13 5 8 16 14 8 5 7 15 29 7 9 CEAM 8 8 10 8 13 10 10 22 8 9 12 10 12 13 6 9 NHSA 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SHSA 4 4 5 4 5 2 2 2 1 2 2 3 4 1 2 2 EURO 10 14 25 26 54 28 17 31 7 17 27 59 27 19 35 25 MIDE 46 41 42 27 68 61 53 49 53 47 43 47 56 40 46 49 NHAF 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 SHAF 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 BOAS 14 3 6 4 5 3 5 11 6 5 13 8 7 3 5 5 CEAS 20 23 27 25 53 27 17 26 29 25 29 38 30 23 24 27 SEAS 6 7 4 7 18 12 11 8 13 8 7 13 8 5 6 8 EQAS 2 3 4 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Globe 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 2 2 2 3 4 3 2 2 3 Peat fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EQAS 65 38 34 11 56 56 46 46 40 57 30 19 52 5 63 56 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Globe 26 3 1 0 2 8 2 3 2 10 0 0 3 0 1 5 Deforestation + degradation + peat fires (all net CO2 sources combined. Only fires, no decomposition) BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 1 0 4 1 1 4 2 5 2 1 3 1 0 2 CEAM 55 61 35 56 20 47 58 29 42 53 51 48 57 30 28 49 NHSA 41 65 16 23 24 18 59 26 19 18 39 21 20 44 13 38 SHSA 46 39 34 38 32 43 55 61 69 67 61 56 53 68 57 55 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 10 9 9 10 8 10 9 8 9 11 9 9 9 10 10 9 SHAF 5 5 5 6 5 5 7 5 7 5 6 7 7 7 6 6 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 4 4 19 6 1 2 5 13 10 6 10 12 15 13 3 8 SEAS 65 72 67 63 48 57 56 67 64 68 72 56 75 79 66 68 EQAS 93 90 86 84 93 94 94 93 95 96 87 91 93 81 93 93 AUST 4 1 1 1 2 3 2 1 6 1 1 2 4 0 2 2 Globe 45 22 17 13 13 24 17 25 29 32 28 16 20 34 17 25