Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) version 3.1 emissions in 1E9 g Higher_Alkenes per year All sources Year Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Mean BONA 17 106 34 13 4 68 59 139 65 49 40 49 44 89 52 55 TENA 1 6 9 9 5 9 8 3 5 9 17 11 6 4 12 8 CEAM 10 46 11 21 6 10 21 6 20 15 11 10 14 6 24 15 NHSA 13 36 8 11 10 5 38 15 7 6 16 8 8 5 5 13 SHSA 138 270 198 91 90 155 150 236 335 176 409 139 64 488 108 203 EURO 3 4 2 6 4 2 4 2 4 3 5 2 2 2 2 3 MIDE 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 NHAF 339 333 290 305 239 269 285 226 298 250 246 248 201 207 219 264 SHAF 319 414 326 312 308 287 356 346 374 329 317 347 327 365 333 337 BOAS 35 298 78 132 98 184 311 15 45 92 40 154 61 78 86 114 CEAS 42 22 13 27 24 33 33 17 18 24 24 29 23 19 7 24 SEAS 47 142 119 40 29 65 49 121 64 60 120 45 79 177 71 82 EQAS 554 117 21 15 38 158 42 65 77 202 14 18 56 1 19 93 AUST 66 60 95 78 100 87 84 81 48 87 66 41 76 26 86 72 Globe 1586 1857 1205 1060 958 1334 1441 1272 1361 1304 1327 1101 962 1468 1026 1284 Grassland and open savanna fires BONA 2 9 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 TENA 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 2 1 CEAM 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 NHSA 4 7 5 6 5 3 8 9 4 4 6 4 4 2 4 5 SHSA 34 88 61 30 33 38 29 30 38 18 52 20 11 53 17 37 EURO 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 165 187 168 166 144 166 163 147 181 144 152 154 133 128 141 156 SHAF 107 161 125 125 131 132 156 155 156 145 143 150 145 171 168 145 BOAS 4 36 4 7 4 4 13 1 2 3 2 4 3 4 3 6 CEAS 10 6 2 6 4 11 6 5 6 7 7 4 3 5 2 6 SEAS 3 6 8 4 3 8 6 11 5 6 9 6 5 9 9 7 EQAS 5 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 AUST 47 48 81 64 80 61 40 69 36 55 53 34 51 21 74 54 Globe 383 553 460 414 408 426 424 429 431 386 427 379 358 395 423 420 Woodland fires BONA 0 3 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TENA 0 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 2 1 1 2 1 CEAM 1 3 2 2 1 1 2 1 4 2 1 1 1 1 5 2 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHSA 8 13 16 4 9 20 10 19 20 15 45 14 6 40 11 17 EURO 1 2 1 2 1 0 1 1 2 1 2 0 1 1 1 1 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 91 73 55 67 47 41 63 31 52 47 43 42 25 33 26 49 SHAF 134 159 124 112 111 92 119 112 130 107 103 116 103 108 88 114 BOAS 3 8 4 3 2 6 14 1 2 3 4 11 3 2 3 5 CEAS 3 2 1 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 4 2 3 1 3 SEAS 3 5 5 2 2 3 3 4 2 2 3 2 1 2 2 3 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 AUST 5 3 6 5 6 4 5 5 4 6 2 2 8 2 5 4 Globe 251 273 217 201 185 173 222 178 219 187 209 195 152 193 145 200 Deforestation and degradation fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAM 6 27 4 11 1 4 12 2 8 8 5 5 8 2 6 7 NHSA 6 25 2 3 3 1 24 5 2 1 7 2 2 2 1 6 SHSA 70 119 75 40 33 74 89 151 241 123 265 83 36 353 66 121 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 39 37 34 37 23 33 33 22 35 33 27 28 21 27 29 30 SHAF 17 23 18 19 17 16 27 21 27 19 21 27 24 27 22 22 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 2 1 2 2 0 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 3 2 0 2 SEAS 31 101 79 25 14 38 27 83 41 41 88 26 60 139 48 56 EQAS 227 74 14 12 20 86 26 40 54 112 10 14 31 1 9 49 AUST 3 1 1 1 2 3 2 1 4 1 1 1 4 0 2 2 Globe 400 408 228 150 114 256 242 326 412 340 426 188 189 554 183 294 Forest fires (excluding deforestation and degradation) BONA 15 95 30 11 4 66 57 137 64 48 39 47 43 87 51 53 TENA 0 3 5 5 2 7 5 2 2 5 12 8 3 2 7 5 CEAM 2 10 4 5 2 2 4 1 6 3 2 2 2 2 10 4 NHSA 2 4 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 0 1 SHSA 19 35 34 13 8 19 18 32 32 16 40 18 8 35 10 23 EURO 1 2 0 2 1 0 2 0 2 2 1 0 0 1 0 1 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 36 30 25 26 19 22 20 19 23 20 19 18 17 15 18 22 SHAF 57 65 56 51 46 44 50 54 57 54 46 51 51 55 52 53 BOAS 24 246 65 117 87 169 271 11 38 81 29 127 52 69 76 98 CEAS 18 6 3 10 2 7 17 1 2 6 4 5 6 3 1 6 SEAS 7 20 21 5 3 8 6 13 7 5 12 5 6 17 7 9 EQAS 45 11 2 1 2 9 2 5 3 9 1 1 4 0 1 7 AUST 11 8 6 8 12 20 37 5 4 25 10 4 13 2 4 11 Globe 236 535 253 256 189 374 495 282 241 277 217 288 207 289 239 292 Agricultural waste burning BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 CEAM 1 4 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHSA 7 14 11 5 6 5 4 5 4 4 8 4 3 7 3 6 EURO 0 1 1 2 2 0 1 1 0 1 2 1 0 0 1 1 MIDE 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 NHAF 8 7 8 8 7 7 7 7 8 6 6 6 6 5 5 7 SHAF 4 7 4 5 3 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 3 4 BOAS 5 8 4 4 4 5 13 1 3 4 5 11 4 2 4 5 CEAS 9 6 4 8 15 11 6 6 7 7 8 13 8 5 2 8 SEAS 3 11 6 3 6 9 6 11 9 5 9 7 7 9 5 7 EQAS 21 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 0 1 3 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Globe 60 63 43 38 48 47 46 38 39 38 46 50 37 36 28 44 Peat fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EQAS 256 26 4 1 14 58 12 18 18 77 2 2 19 0 8 34 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Globe 256 26 4 1 14 58 12 18 18 77 2 2 19 0 8 34 Deforestation + degradation + peat fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAM 6 27 4 11 1 4 12 2 8 8 5 5 8 2 6 7 NHSA 6 25 2 3 3 1 24 5 2 1 7 2 2 2 1 6 SHSA 70 119 75 40 33 74 89 151 241 123 265 83 36 353 66 121 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 39 37 34 37 23 33 33 22 35 33 27 28 21 27 29 30 SHAF 17 23 18 19 17 16 27 21 27 19 21 27 24 27 22 22 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 2 1 2 2 0 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 3 2 0 2 SEAS 31 101 79 25 14 38 27 83 41 41 88 26 60 139 48 56 EQAS 483 100 18 13 34 144 39 58 72 189 12 16 50 1 17 83 AUST 3 1 1 1 2 3 2 1 4 1 1 1 4 0 2 2 Globe 655 434 232 150 129 314 254 345 430 417 428 190 208 554 191 329