Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) version 3.1 emissions in 1E10 g PM2p5 per year, contributions (below All sources) as percentage All sources Year Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Mean BONA 44 278 88 33 12 180 157 370 174 131 106 129 116 237 139 146 TENA 3 16 21 23 12 24 19 8 11 22 44 28 15 11 30 19 CEAM 24 108 25 49 15 23 50 14 49 36 25 25 32 13 59 36 NHSA 31 85 18 25 22 12 88 34 17 14 37 18 17 11 12 29 SHSA 318 618 457 208 202 358 347 551 781 409 950 325 150 1134 250 471 EURO 7 11 5 15 9 4 10 4 11 8 11 4 4 4 4 7 MIDE 2 3 3 2 4 3 2 3 2 3 4 2 4 3 3 3 NHAF 758 739 642 676 528 594 629 497 657 553 542 545 443 455 483 583 SHAF 728 939 742 706 696 646 801 781 846 744 713 783 738 823 749 762 BOAS 89 768 202 345 256 485 813 38 116 240 103 399 159 203 224 296 CEAS 101 51 30 64 54 75 82 37 40 57 55 67 54 44 16 55 SEAS 110 336 279 93 67 152 113 282 148 139 280 104 183 412 164 191 EQAS 1833 330 59 38 120 492 125 190 218 633 39 45 172 3 62 291 AUST 147 132 206 169 219 196 198 174 105 199 145 90 170 55 185 159 Globe 4195 4411 2777 2446 2214 3243 3434 2983 3173 3188 3054 2563 2254 3410 2380 3048 Grassland and open savanna fires BONA 8 7 5 9 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 2 TENA 26 6 9 10 9 5 5 5 18 11 4 4 12 9 13 8 CEAM 8 4 7 6 15 7 5 10 5 5 8 9 7 9 5 6 NHSA 28 17 63 53 52 55 20 53 55 56 36 53 55 31 71 37 SHSA 23 30 28 30 35 22 17 12 10 9 11 13 15 10 14 16 EURO 10 9 19 9 6 5 6 5 2 1 5 4 8 2 5 6 MIDE 27 36 26 29 12 18 24 21 19 19 15 20 24 31 23 22 NHAF 46 53 55 52 58 59 55 62 58 55 59 60 63 59 62 56 SHAF 31 36 35 37 40 43 41 42 39 41 42 40 41 44 47 40 BOAS 9 10 5 5 4 2 3 3 3 3 5 2 4 4 3 5 CEAS 21 27 16 21 16 32 16 30 30 26 26 14 14 25 33 22 SEAS 7 4 6 9 11 11 11 8 7 8 7 12 6 5 11 7 EQAS 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 0 0 2 1 1 5 1 1 AUST 67 77 83 80 77 65 42 84 72 59 77 81 63 81 85 72 Globe 19 26 35 36 39 28 26 30 29 26 29 31 34 24 38 29 Woodland fires BONA 2 2 3 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TENA 18 30 17 23 22 8 16 28 20 16 15 13 21 18 17 17 CEAM 8 7 14 7 20 11 8 17 17 10 8 9 9 18 18 11 NHSA 3 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 3 3 2 2 3 2 0 2 SHSA 6 5 8 4 10 13 6 8 6 8 11 10 9 8 10 8 EURO 27 36 26 30 21 31 32 40 34 25 40 22 40 42 31 32 MIDE 13 8 14 26 10 9 8 17 12 16 23 15 6 13 14 13 NHAF 27 22 19 22 20 15 23 14 18 19 18 17 13 16 12 19 SHAF 42 38 38 36 36 32 33 32 35 32 33 33 31 30 27 34 BOAS 7 2 5 2 2 3 4 9 4 3 9 6 4 3 3 4 CEAS 8 9 10 6 14 10 7 13 12 10 11 14 10 13 12 10 SEAS 7 3 4 5 8 5 6 3 3 4 3 4 2 1 3 3 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 AUST 8 6 7 6 6 5 6 6 8 6 3 5 10 6 6 6 Globe 13 14 18 19 19 12 15 13 16 13 15 17 15 13 14 15 Deforestation and degradation fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 3 2 3 1 0 2 1 0 1 CEAM 53 57 32 53 19 45 56 29 40 50 51 47 56 29 25 46 NHSA 47 70 22 30 31 23 65 36 24 24 48 27 27 52 19 47 SHSA 51 45 38 44 38 48 59 64 72 70 65 59 57 72 62 60 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 12 11 12 13 10 13 12 10 12 14 11 12 11 14 14 12 SHAF 5 5 5 6 6 5 8 6 7 6 7 8 7 8 7 6 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 3 4 17 5 1 2 4 13 10 5 9 10 13 13 3 7 SEAS 64 70 65 62 49 58 56 68 64 69 72 57 76 78 67 68 EQAS 29 53 53 73 39 41 50 49 58 41 58 73 43 76 33 39 AUST 4 1 1 2 3 3 2 1 8 1 1 3 5 0 3 3 Globe 22 21 19 14 12 18 16 25 30 25 32 17 19 38 18 22 Forest fires (excluding deforestation and degradation) BONA 89 91 92 89 93 98 98 99 98 98 98 98 98 98 98 97 TENA 47 56 65 58 54 83 72 49 46 62 75 77 49 43 63 65 CEAM 22 24 37 26 32 26 21 20 31 25 20 23 16 31 45 27 NHSA 18 11 12 13 14 17 14 10 16 16 13 16 14 13 9 13 SHSA 16 15 20 16 11 14 14 16 11 11 11 15 15 8 11 13 EURO 53 41 26 34 16 35 44 22 57 58 26 12 22 35 27 36 MIDE 3 3 7 12 2 2 4 3 6 11 14 10 2 5 8 6 NHAF 13 11 10 10 9 10 9 10 9 10 9 9 10 9 10 10 SHAF 21 19 20 19 18 18 17 19 18 19 17 17 19 18 19 18 BOAS 72 86 86 91 91 93 89 80 88 90 76 85 87 91 90 88 CEAS 47 34 26 40 8 24 56 10 10 29 19 19 31 21 23 29 SEAS 17 16 20 16 12 13 15 12 12 10 11 12 9 11 11 13 EQAS 7 9 10 10 5 5 5 6 4 4 10 7 7 13 5 6 AUST 20 16 8 12 15 27 49 8 11 33 18 10 21 11 6 19 Globe 15 32 24 28 23 31 38 25 20 23 19 30 25 23 27 26 Agricultural waste burning BONA 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 9 8 9 9 12 4 7 15 15 7 4 6 16 29 7 9 CEAM 9 8 10 8 14 11 10 24 8 10 13 11 13 13 6 10 NHSA 3 1 2 1 2 3 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 SHSA 5 5 6 5 6 3 3 2 1 2 2 3 4 1 3 3 EURO 10 14 29 28 57 29 18 34 7 16 30 62 30 20 36 26 MIDE 58 53 52 34 76 71 63 59 63 55 49 55 68 51 56 58 NHAF 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 SHAF 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 BOAS 12 2 5 3 4 2 4 9 5 4 11 6 5 2 4 4 CEAS 21 27 31 27 61 33 17 34 37 29 34 42 32 28 29 31 SEAS 6 7 5 8 20 13 12 8 14 9 7 15 8 5 7 8 EQAS 3 3 4 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 Globe 3 3 3 4 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 2 3 3 Peat fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EQAS 61 34 31 10 52 52 43 42 36 53 27 17 48 4 59 52 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Globe 27 3 1 0 3 8 2 3 2 11 0 0 4 0 2 5 Deforestation + degradation + peat fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 3 2 3 1 0 2 1 0 1 CEAM 53 57 32 53 19 45 56 29 40 50 51 47 56 29 25 46 NHSA 47 70 22 30 31 23 65 36 24 24 48 27 27 52 19 47 SHSA 51 45 38 44 38 48 59 64 72 70 65 59 57 72 62 60 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 12 11 12 13 10 13 12 10 12 14 11 12 11 14 14 12 SHAF 5 5 5 6 6 5 8 6 7 6 7 8 7 8 7 6 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 3 4 17 5 1 2 4 13 10 5 9 10 13 13 3 7 SEAS 64 70 65 62 49 58 56 68 64 69 72 57 76 78 67 68 EQAS 90 87 84 83 92 93 92 91 94 95 85 90 91 80 92 91 AUST 4 1 1 2 3 3 2 1 8 1 1 3 5 0 3 3 Globe 49 24 20 14 15 26 18 28 33 35 33 17 23 38 19 27