Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) version 3.1 emissions in 1E10 g TPM per year, contributions (below All sources) as percentage All sources Year Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Mean BONA 62 389 122 47 16 248 216 508 239 180 146 178 160 327 191 202 TENA 4 22 30 34 17 34 27 12 16 32 61 39 21 15 44 27 CEAM 34 151 36 68 21 33 70 20 68 50 35 35 45 19 83 51 NHSA 45 118 29 39 35 19 124 52 26 22 54 27 26 16 19 43 SHSA 459 914 675 306 305 520 494 772 1080 568 1329 456 213 1573 353 668 EURO 10 16 7 22 13 5 14 7 15 12 17 6 5 6 6 11 MIDE 3 4 4 3 6 4 4 4 4 4 6 2 6 5 5 4 NHAF 1183 1169 1018 1066 843 948 1000 799 1049 878 867 873 713 728 773 927 SHAF 1107 1442 1137 1087 1076 1005 1241 1211 1305 1152 1108 1210 1143 1279 1172 1178 BOAS 127 1084 282 480 356 671 1131 53 162 333 145 556 222 283 312 413 CEAS 149 77 44 95 82 115 119 57 61 86 84 101 80 66 25 83 SEAS 155 461 390 132 96 216 162 395 208 196 391 150 253 569 233 267 EQAS 2422 437 79 50 158 648 165 252 287 833 51 60 227 4 82 384 AUST 238 218 344 280 361 315 302 291 172 315 239 149 272 92 310 260 Globe 5999 6501 4199 3709 3386 4780 5069 4433 4692 4660 4534 3841 3386 4982 3605 4519 Grassland and open savanna fires BONA 10 8 6 11 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 TENA 30 8 11 12 11 6 6 6 21 13 4 5 14 10 16 10 CEAM 9 5 8 7 18 9 6 12 6 6 10 11 8 11 7 7 NHSA 34 20 68 59 57 61 24 59 61 61 42 58 60 37 75 43 SHSA 27 35 33 35 40 26 21 14 13 11 14 16 18 12 18 20 EURO 12 11 22 10 7 6 7 5 2 2 5 5 9 3 6 8 MIDE 30 39 30 32 13 20 27 24 21 21 17 23 27 34 25 25 NHAF 51 58 60 57 62 64 59 67 63 60 64 64 68 64 66 61 SHAF 35 41 40 42 44 48 46 47 43 46 47 45 46 49 52 45 BOAS 11 12 6 6 4 2 4 3 4 3 6 3 5 5 3 6 CEAS 25 30 18 24 18 35 19 34 34 30 29 16 16 28 37 25 SEAS 8 5 8 11 13 13 13 10 9 10 8 14 7 6 14 9 EQAS 1 1 3 4 2 1 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 6 2 1 AUST 71 80 86 83 80 70 48 86 76 64 81 84 68 84 87 76 Globe 23 31 40 41 44 32 30 35 33 30 34 36 38 29 43 34 Woodland fires BONA 2 2 3 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TENA 17 30 17 23 22 8 16 29 20 16 16 13 21 18 17 18 CEAM 8 7 14 7 19 11 8 17 17 11 9 9 9 18 19 11 NHSA 3 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 0 1 SHSA 6 5 8 4 10 13 6 8 6 9 11 10 9 8 10 8 EURO 27 36 26 30 21 31 33 39 35 26 40 21 40 43 31 32 MIDE 12 8 13 24 10 9 8 16 12 15 22 14 6 12 13 13 NHAF 25 21 18 21 18 14 21 13 16 18 16 16 11 15 11 17 SHAF 40 36 36 34 34 30 31 30 33 30 30 31 30 28 25 32 BOAS 7 2 5 2 2 3 4 9 4 3 9 6 4 3 3 4 CEAS 8 9 10 6 13 10 7 12 11 10 11 14 10 13 12 10 SEAS 7 3 4 5 8 5 6 3 4 4 3 4 2 1 3 3 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 AUST 8 5 6 5 5 4 6 5 7 6 3 4 9 6 5 6 Globe 14 14 17 18 18 12 14 13 15 13 15 17 15 13 13 15 Deforestation and degradation fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 3 2 3 2 0 2 1 0 1 CEAM 51 56 31 51 18 43 54 27 38 49 48 45 54 27 24 44 NHSA 43 67 19 26 27 20 61 31 21 20 43 24 23 47 16 42 SHSA 47 41 35 40 34 44 56 61 69 67 62 56 54 70 58 56 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 10 10 11 11 9 11 11 9 11 12 10 10 10 12 12 10 SHAF 5 5 5 6 5 5 7 6 7 5 6 7 7 7 6 6 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 3 4 16 5 1 2 4 12 9 5 9 10 13 12 3 7 SEAS 62 68 63 60 46 56 53 66 61 66 70 54 73 77 65 66 EQAS 29 52 53 72 39 41 49 49 58 41 57 72 43 74 32 39 AUST 4 1 1 2 2 3 2 1 7 1 1 3 5 0 2 2 Globe 21 20 17 13 11 17 15 23 27 23 29 15 18 35 16 20 Forest fires (excluding deforestation and degradation) BONA 87 89 91 87 92 97 97 98 98 97 98 98 98 98 98 96 TENA 43 54 63 55 52 81 70 47 42 60 74 75 47 41 60 62 CEAM 22 24 36 26 30 25 21 19 30 25 19 23 15 30 44 26 NHSA 17 11 10 12 12 15 13 8 14 14 12 14 12 12 8 12 SHSA 15 14 19 15 10 13 13 15 11 11 11 14 15 8 11 12 EURO 50 39 23 32 15 33 42 21 55 56 25 11 21 34 25 34 MIDE 2 2 6 10 2 2 4 3 5 10 12 9 2 4 7 5 NHAF 11 9 9 9 8 9 7 9 8 9 8 8 9 8 9 9 SHAF 19 17 18 17 16 16 15 16 16 17 15 16 16 16 16 16 BOAS 69 83 84 89 89 92 88 78 87 89 74 84 85 90 89 87 CEAS 44 31 24 37 7 21 53 9 9 26 17 18 29 19 20 27 SEAS 16 16 20 15 12 13 14 12 12 10 11 12 9 11 11 13 EQAS 7 9 10 11 5 5 5 7 4 4 11 7 7 13 5 6 AUST 17 13 7 10 12 23 44 6 9 29 15 9 18 9 5 16 Globe 14 30 22 25 20 29 36 23 19 22 18 27 22 21 24 24 Agricultural waste burning BONA 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 9 9 9 10 13 4 8 16 15 8 5 6 16 30 7 9 CEAM 10 9 10 9 15 11 11 25 9 10 14 12 14 14 7 11 NHSA 3 1 2 1 2 3 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 SHSA 5 5 6 6 6 3 3 2 1 2 2 3 4 1 3 3 EURO 10 15 29 28 58 30 18 35 7 16 30 63 31 20 37 26 MIDE 56 51 51 33 75 69 62 58 61 54 49 54 66 49 54 57 NHAF 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 SHAF 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 BOAS 13 2 5 3 4 2 4 9 5 4 11 7 6 3 4 4 CEAS 21 27 31 27 60 32 17 33 36 29 34 43 33 28 28 31 SEAS 7 8 5 9 21 14 13 9 15 9 8 16 9 5 8 9 EQAS 3 3 4 4 2 2 2 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 Globe 3 3 3 3 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 2 3 3 Peat fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 EQAS 61 34 30 10 52 52 42 42 36 53 27 17 47 4 59 51 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Globe 24 2 1 0 2 7 1 2 2 9 0 0 3 0 1 4 Deforestation + degradation + peat fires BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 3 2 3 2 0 2 1 0 1 CEAM 51 56 31 51 18 43 54 27 38 49 48 45 54 27 24 44 NHSA 43 67 19 26 27 20 61 31 21 20 43 24 23 47 16 42 SHSA 47 41 35 40 34 44 56 61 69 67 62 56 54 70 58 56 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NHAF 10 10 11 11 9 11 11 9 11 12 10 10 10 12 12 10 SHAF 5 5 5 6 5 5 7 6 7 5 6 7 7 7 6 6 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CEAS 3 4 16 5 1 2 4 12 9 5 9 10 13 12 3 7 SEAS 62 68 63 60 46 56 53 66 61 66 70 54 73 77 65 66 EQAS 89 86 83 82 91 92 92 90 94 94 84 89 90 78 91 90 AUST 4 1 1 2 2 3 2 1 7 1 1 3 5 0 2 2 Globe 45 22 18 13 13 24 16 25 30 32 30 16 21 35 17 25