# Global Fire Emissions Database version 4.1 including small fire burned area (GFED4s) # Estimates for 2017 onwards based on relations between active fires and emissions # These estimates carry a larger uncertainty, especially due to extrapolation in areas # that saw few fires in the 1997-2016 era. They are not suitable for trend analyses. # # In winter 2023-2024 GFED5 will be released # NOTE THAT AQUA HAD ISSUES IN THE SECOND HALF OF AUGUST 2020; FOR THAT PERIOD THESE ESTIMATES ARE CONSERVATIVE # C3H8 emissions estimates in 1E9 g C3H8 for the globe, different regions, and different fire types All fire types combined: Year (Beta) (Beta) (Beta) (Beta) (Beta) (Beta) (Beta) '97-'23 Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 | Mean BONA 20 76 31 17 9 73 43 88 59 42 32 26 34 61 42 41 85 95 112 31 91 66 71 8 132 83 675 | 80 TENA 4 5 8 7 4 6 6 5 5 7 11 8 5 7 7 9 6 7 12 7 15 16 4 35 31 13 7 | 10 CEAM 6 48 7 16 4 6 17 5 14 8 9 8 9 6 12 5 11 4 6 7 9 6 10 9 7 5 10 | 10 NHSA 8 11 6 8 9 5 14 7 5 5 10 5 6 7 3 4 4 7 7 12 4 8 12 10 3 6 7 | 8 SHSA 80 105 97 45 42 75 61 90 109 52 131 47 27 135 37 70 35 49 65 62 66 34 70 88 68 72 64 | 70 EURO 3 3 2 8 5 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 2 2 3 5 2 2 1 2 4 2 2 1 3 6 2 | 3 MIDE 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 | 1 NHAF 115 148 120 129 109 115 101 96 121 96 104 104 91 84 95 86 90 84 88 105 88 89 71 88 79 71 70 | 98 SHAF 134 158 134 126 171 142 147 148 156 146 137 147 146 158 151 138 150 137 138 138 138 135 140 125 139 126 135 | 143 BOAS 76 246 84 94 84 140 243 32 53 105 47 149 53 66 87 189 73 109 89 130 96 156 189 180 328 64 108 | 122 TEAS 43 38 24 24 28 35 28 29 27 33 35 41 36 23 20 24 17 30 36 16 26 16 19 18 12 18 15 | 27 SEAS 22 45 38 28 16 19 23 43 34 26 42 19 33 39 22 31 31 38 32 31 21 22 30 30 29 16 27 | 30 EQAS 267 29 21 8 9 64 17 43 20 86 7 6 47 4 19 19 15 51 94 6 4 13 46 3 2 2 17 | 34 AUST 26 23 43 28 41 39 36 27 15 34 24 15 26 9 35 36 19 25 21 15 23 28 80 28 14 13 32 | 28 Global 811 942 621 543 536 727 747 623 629 650 600 586 523 608 540 664 543 644 709 569 591 597 751 631 856 501 1174 | 664 Savanna, grassland, and shrubland fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 2 3 1 4 2 2 0 | 2 CEAM 2 13 2 6 1 2 5 1 5 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 3 1 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 1 3 | 3 NHSA 5 6 4 5 5 3 6 5 3 3 5 3 4 4 2 2 3 5 4 5 3 5 6 6 2 4 4 | 5 SHSA 41 42 41 17 26 38 27 34 36 20 47 21 12 47 16 31 16 19 24 23 27 14 31 37 30 27 26 | 29 EURO 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 90 112 95 98 86 90 84 76 91 72 79 83 72 65 74 67 72 67 67 80 68 70 55 68 61 55 53 | 76 SHAF 121 142 121 113 144 118 128 125 132 123 121 128 128 137 133 122 130 120 119 118 119 116 121 107 119 109 117 | 124 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TEAS 5 4 2 2 3 6 3 4 4 4 3 3 2 4 2 3 1 3 4 2 5 2 3 2 2 2 2 | 4 SEAS 10 20 14 12 9 9 11 18 15 11 17 9 12 14 8 11 9 12 11 10 8 8 11 12 10 5 11 | 12 EQAS 20 5 2 1 1 6 2 5 1 5 2 1 3 1 2 1 1 3 6 1 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 | 3 AUST 17 16 35 22 33 26 13 24 12 20 19 13 18 7 32 32 12 20 17 11 19 23 23 11 12 11 28 | 20 Global 316 366 323 283 313 305 287 298 306 269 302 270 260 286 279 279 251 256 259 258 259 249 262 254 248 222 252 | 279 Boreal forest fires: BONA 17 70 28 15 6 70 40 87 57 40 31 25 32 58 40 38 82 90 107 29 85 61 63 7 120 80 647 | 76 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 62 224 71 83 73 130 225 22 42 82 37 125 43 48 78 180 69 94 79 124 90 148 180 173 319 56 100 | 110 TEAS 14 11 4 7 2 10 11 4 1 8 11 8 9 1 2 7 1 2 7 1 3 1 1 1 0 2 1 | 5 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 94 306 105 106 82 210 277 114 101 131 80 160 85 109 121 227 153 186 195 154 178 212 245 182 440 139 749 | 191 Temperate forest fires: BONA 2 2 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 1 1 4 3 6 0 9 1 14 | 2 TENA 1 2 4 4 2 4 3 1 2 3 7 4 2 1 3 6 4 4 7 3 10 10 1 28 25 8 3 | 6 CEAM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 3 2 4 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 3 1 1 3 1 2 4 | 2 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 2 1 2 0 1 2 0 1 0 3 0 1 1 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 | 1 TEAS 5 5 4 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 4 5 4 3 2 3 3 3 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 | 3 SEAS 2 3 7 4 2 1 3 3 3 3 3 2 5 4 2 4 3 5 2 3 2 2 3 2 5 2 3 | 4 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 7 5 5 4 5 10 21 1 0 11 4 1 5 1 1 1 5 3 2 2 1 2 53 15 0 0 1 | 7 Global 26 27 30 20 17 25 36 14 12 29 22 18 22 21 14 20 19 23 20 16 27 23 71 54 46 20 31 | 27 Tropical deforestation & degradation: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 1 23 1 4 1 1 8 0 5 2 2 1 2 0 4 0 4 0 1 2 2 1 3 2 1 1 3 | 3 NHSA 2 3 1 1 2 0 6 1 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 1 5 0 2 4 2 0 1 1 | 2 SHSA 29 52 44 20 10 29 25 47 66 25 76 18 7 81 14 31 11 22 34 31 30 15 33 41 31 37 29 | 33 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 4 15 7 11 5 6 4 3 6 4 6 3 3 3 5 3 3 4 6 9 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 | 6 SHAF 2 2 1 3 10 10 9 10 10 10 6 10 9 10 8 6 10 8 10 10 8 8 9 8 9 8 8 | 8 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SEAS 4 15 10 6 3 4 4 15 8 6 16 3 8 15 6 9 12 13 10 10 5 6 8 9 8 4 8 | 9 EQAS 117 19 12 5 3 31 8 23 8 37 3 2 19 1 8 8 7 24 42 3 2 7 20 1 1 1 8 | 16 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 | 1 Global 161 133 80 54 37 85 68 103 107 88 115 42 54 115 48 62 51 76 108 72 56 47 84 71 56 58 64 | 78 Peat fires: BONA 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 10 | 1 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 | 1 TEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 117 2 3 0 3 21 5 12 8 39 0 0 22 0 8 7 5 22 44 1 0 3 20 0 0 0 6 | 13 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 118 3 4 1 3 23 7 13 9 40 1 1 23 1 8 9 7 25 47 2 1 4 21 1 3 1 17 | 15 Agricultural waste burning: BONA 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 | 1 TENA 1 1 1 1 1 0 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 4 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 3 2 2 2 | 2 CEAM 2 10 2 5 1 2 4 3 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 1 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 | 3 NHSA 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 | 1 SHSA 7 7 7 4 3 5 4 5 4 5 5 5 4 5 4 5 5 4 5 5 4 2 4 5 4 4 4 | 5 EURO 2 2 1 6 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 4 1 | 3 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 NHAF 20 21 18 19 17 17 12 15 23 19 18 18 14 16 15 14 14 12 15 16 14 14 12 15 14 12 13 | 16 SHAF 10 12 10 9 15 13 10 12 13 12 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 8 9 | 10 BOAS 11 18 9 9 8 7 15 7 9 17 8 20 8 11 8 7 2 12 8 5 5 5 6 5 6 6 6 | 9 TEAS 17 15 11 10 19 16 9 15 18 17 17 25 18 11 10 10 11 20 21 11 15 10 11 11 7 10 9 | 14 SEAS 5 6 6 4 1 3 3 5 7 4 5 3 7 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 4 5 6 6 5 3 4 | 6 EQAS 12 2 1 0 1 4 1 2 1 3 1 1 2 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 | 2 AUST 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 1 | 1 Global 93 105 75 76 81 76 70 78 90 91 78 94 76 73 66 65 59 75 79 65 67 58 66 66 59 59 60 | 75