# Global Fire Emissions Database version 4.1 including small fire burned area (GFED4s) # Estimates for 2017 onwards based on relations between active fires and emissions # These estimates carry a larger uncertainty, especially due to extrapolation in areas # that saw few fires in the 1997-2016 era. They are not suitable for trend analyses. # # In winter 2023-2024 GFED5 will be released # NOTE THAT AQUA HAD ISSUES IN THE SECOND HALF OF AUGUST 2020; FOR THAT PERIOD THESE ESTIMATES ARE CONSERVATIVE # CH3COOH emissions estimates in 1E10 g CH3COOH for the globe, different regions, and different fire types All fire types combined: Year (Beta) (Beta) (Beta) (Beta) (Beta) (Beta) (Beta) '97-'23 Region 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 | Mean BONA 23 85 35 20 10 82 51 95 66 46 36 29 38 67 46 49 96 111 126 36 96 69 76 10 144 90 743 | 88 TENA 7 9 12 13 8 10 11 9 11 13 17 13 10 13 13 15 10 11 19 13 24 27 8 49 40 21 11 | 16 CEAM 16 126 19 43 12 16 46 13 38 21 24 21 24 16 33 13 29 12 17 20 25 17 28 25 19 15 27 | 27 NHSA 26 36 20 26 27 16 41 23 17 15 30 18 20 22 9 13 15 23 22 35 14 26 36 32 11 19 22 | 23 SHSA 234 296 273 124 128 219 174 250 301 146 366 133 75 376 104 201 98 136 181 172 183 96 201 249 195 201 179 | 197 EURO 6 7 5 18 11 4 8 7 7 6 8 8 4 4 6 10 4 4 3 5 9 4 5 3 7 12 3 | 7 MIDE 0 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 3 1 2 | 2 NHAF 372 478 392 415 355 373 336 314 387 307 336 339 296 272 308 278 294 276 285 339 284 290 231 284 256 231 224 | 317 SHAF 458 537 457 428 570 472 497 497 522 490 465 497 496 534 514 470 507 465 466 465 464 455 473 421 468 426 455 | 481 BOAS 91 271 96 107 97 152 269 44 65 128 57 176 65 84 98 204 79 124 100 142 104 167 201 191 345 74 118 | 136 TEAS 74 66 43 42 55 68 48 57 58 63 63 75 62 47 37 42 32 59 68 33 55 32 40 36 26 36 30 | 50 SEAS 61 125 97 73 46 54 62 118 92 69 115 53 85 101 58 81 78 96 83 79 55 58 79 81 74 39 72 | 78 EQAS 1217 84 71 24 38 264 68 166 90 401 24 20 224 14 86 85 62 232 444 22 12 53 209 10 9 7 72 | 149 AUST 71 66 135 87 129 110 73 91 51 89 73 49 76 30 119 121 52 78 67 46 74 90 142 57 46 42 108 | 81 Global 2664 2195 1664 1429 1494 1849 1694 1692 1713 1803 1621 1439 1484 1589 1443 1589 1364 1636 1891 1413 1408 1390 1737 1454 1649 1220 2073 | 1652 Savanna, grassland, and shrubland fires: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 | 0 TENA 3 3 4 6 2 4 3 3 4 5 5 4 3 3 5 5 2 3 5 5 7 13 3 15 10 7 2 | 6 CEAM 8 47 9 21 6 8 18 5 17 9 10 10 10 8 15 7 11 6 7 8 11 8 13 11 9 6 12 | 12 NHSA 18 24 15 20 19 13 23 18 13 12 20 14 15 14 8 10 11 17 15 19 11 19 22 23 9 15 16 | 17 SHSA 146 151 147 62 94 135 99 121 129 72 167 75 45 166 58 113 56 70 86 83 97 52 110 133 108 99 95 | 103 EURO 1 2 1 3 1 0 2 1 2 1 2 0 0 1 1 2 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 2 2 0 | 2 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 | 1 NHAF 322 397 337 348 307 321 300 272 325 257 283 294 258 232 264 239 256 240 239 284 243 250 196 242 218 196 188 | 271 SHAF 431 505 432 402 511 419 455 446 468 440 432 455 456 488 475 435 462 427 424 421 425 413 432 382 425 388 416 | 440 BOAS 2 2 1 1 1 0 2 3 1 4 0 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 2 1 2 | 2 TEAS 18 16 9 10 10 23 14 16 16 17 12 11 9 16 9 11 5 13 14 7 19 8 13 8 8 10 8 | 13 SEAS 38 71 52 44 32 35 41 67 53 41 61 34 44 49 30 41 33 45 40 36 29 29 41 43 38 19 39 | 42 EQAS 72 19 10 4 5 24 9 19 7 21 7 6 11 5 7 6 6 11 21 4 3 6 13 2 2 2 6 | 12 AUST 60 57 125 80 118 95 49 85 46 73 67 46 66 27 113 115 43 71 61 41 67 83 81 39 43 40 102 | 71 Global 1124 1301 1148 1006 1112 1084 1021 1061 1087 957 1073 958 925 1017 993 990 893 910 921 916 921 886 932 904 882 791 894 | 990 Boreal forest fires: BONA 17 70 28 15 6 70 40 87 57 40 31 25 32 58 40 39 82 90 108 29 85 62 63 7 121 81 649 | 76 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 62 225 72 83 73 130 225 23 42 82 38 125 43 48 78 180 70 94 80 124 90 148 180 173 320 56 100 | 110 TEAS 14 11 4 7 2 10 11 4 1 8 11 8 9 1 2 7 1 2 7 1 3 1 1 1 0 2 1 | 5 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 94 306 105 106 83 211 278 115 102 131 80 160 85 109 122 227 154 187 195 154 179 212 245 183 441 139 751 | 191 Temperate forest fires: BONA 2 2 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 4 3 6 0 8 1 13 | 2 TENA 1 2 4 3 1 4 3 1 2 3 6 4 2 1 3 6 3 4 7 3 10 9 1 27 24 8 3 | 6 CEAM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 3 2 3 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 3 1 1 3 1 2 4 | 2 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 2 1 1 0 1 2 0 1 0 3 0 1 1 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 | 1 TEAS 5 5 4 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 4 4 3 2 3 3 3 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 | 3 SEAS 2 3 6 4 2 1 3 3 3 3 2 2 4 4 2 4 3 5 2 3 2 2 3 2 4 2 3 | 3 EQAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 AUST 7 5 5 4 5 10 20 1 0 11 4 1 5 1 1 1 5 3 2 2 1 2 52 15 0 0 1 | 6 Global 25 26 29 19 17 24 35 14 12 28 22 17 21 20 14 19 19 22 19 16 26 23 68 52 45 19 30 | 26 Tropical deforestation & degradation: BONA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 3 56 3 10 2 3 19 1 12 5 6 4 7 1 10 1 10 1 4 5 6 4 8 7 4 3 7 | 8 NHSA 5 8 2 4 5 1 15 3 2 1 6 2 1 5 0 1 2 3 3 13 1 5 11 5 1 2 3 | 5 SHSA 70 127 106 49 24 71 62 115 161 62 185 45 17 196 35 75 28 54 83 75 73 37 81 101 76 91 72 | 81 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 10 37 18 28 14 15 11 9 15 11 14 8 8 7 13 9 8 10 15 21 11 11 9 11 9 9 8 | 13 SHAF 5 5 3 8 26 24 21 24 26 25 14 24 23 26 20 16 25 21 24 26 21 21 22 20 22 20 20 | 20 BOAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 TEAS 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 1 SEAS 10 36 25 15 7 11 10 36 20 15 40 9 21 36 16 23 29 32 25 24 14 15 20 22 19 9 19 | 21 EQAS 283 46 31 13 7 76 19 56 20 91 8 6 47 4 19 20 17 58 101 8 5 17 49 4 3 2 20 | 39 AUST 0 0 1 0 2 1 2 1 1 1 0 1 3 0 1 1 2 2 3 1 2 3 2 0 1 0 1 | 2 Global 391 322 195 132 91 207 164 250 260 214 279 102 131 280 118 150 124 185 262 176 136 115 205 174 137 141 155 | 189 Peat fires: BONA 1 8 3 1 1 9 9 6 7 5 4 3 3 6 4 7 12 17 16 5 5 2 5 0 11 7 75 | 9 TENA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 CEAM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHSA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EURO 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 MIDE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 NHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SHAF 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 BOAS 1 5 2 3 4 3 8 1 2 1 1 3 2 5 1 6 3 2 1 6 1 5 4 4 9 1 2 | 4 TEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 SEAS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 EQAS 837 14 27 4 22 155 36 85 60 282 4 4 161 1 57 56 37 159 317 8 2 27 143 2 2 0 43 | 95 AUST 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 Global 840 27 33 9 28 168 54 93 69 289 10 11 166 13 63 70 53 179 334 19 9 35 153 7 23 9 121 | 107 Agricultural waste burning: BONA 1 4 1 2 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 2 0 3 | 1 TENA 2 3 3 3 3 1 4 5 4 3 5 4 4 8 5 3 3 3 5 4 5 4 3 6 5 5 5 | 5 CEAM 4 21 5 11 3 4 8 6 8 6 6 5 7 6 7 4 6 3 5 5 6 4 6 6 5 4 7 | 7 NHSA 2 3 2 1 3 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 3 0 1 2 | 2 SHSA 14 14 15 9 7 10 9 11 9 10 11 10 9 10 8 11 10 9 10 11 9 5 8 11 9 8 8 | 10 EURO 4 4 3 13 9 3 4 5 4 4 5 6 3 3 5 7 3 3 2 3 5 2 4 2 4 8 2 | 5 MIDE 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 | 1 NHAF 39 42 35 39 34 35 24 31 46 38 37 36 29 32 31 29 29 25 30 32 29 28 25 30 28 25 27 | 33 SHAF 20 25 21 18 31 27 19 25 26 24 17 17 16 19 18 18 18 16 17 17 17 19 18 18 19 17 18 | 20 BOAS 22 37 18 18 17 15 31 15 18 35 16 41 16 23 16 15 4 25 17 10 11 11 13 11 13 13 12 | 19 TEAS 35 31 22 20 38 32 19 29 36 34 35 50 37 23 21 20 22 40 42 22 31 20 22 23 15 21 18 | 29 SEAS 10 13 13 9 3 6 7 11 15 9 10 7 15 11 10 11 12 13 15 14 9 10 13 12 11 7 9 | 11 EQAS 23 4 2 1 2 8 3 5 2 7 2 2 4 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 1 2 3 0 1 0 2 | 4 AUST 2 2 3 1 3 2 1 2 2 2 0 0 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 2 5 1 1 1 2 | 2 Global 187 211 151 153 161 153 140 156 180 182 155 189 153 147 132 131 118 151 157 129 134 116 131 131 119 118 120 | 149